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A stationary front is often present near the area of freezing rain and serves as the focus for forcing and rising air. This process is typically active when freezing rain occurs. Moisture that is lifted or otherwise forced to rise over a layer of sub-freezing air at the surface may be condensed into clouds and rain. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called showers.

Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but colloids, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor (reaching 100% relative humidity), so that the water condenses and "precipitates" or falls. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail. In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds. Note that some parts of a country can be much wetter than others, so it is not an accurate depiction of the wettest and driest places on earth. Countries by average annual precipitation.